Critical Annotated Webliograph
Cyborgs are hybrid entities that are neither wholly technological nor completely prganic, which means that thecyborg has the potential not only to disrupt persistent dualism [in language and thought] ... but also to refashionour thinking.(Balsamo).Drawing on current scholarly work, discuss ways in which the cyborg is still a transgressive figure.
Cyborgs are hybrid entities. The term 'Cyborg' broadly refers to the emerging symbiotic relationship between humans and machines and an inspiring term from a creative and practical perspective, symbolizing a range of aesthetic, social, political and cultural issues. When scientific and technological progress keeps going in the world, the relationship between humans and machines lies within blurred. Considering the guiding question, research on the current cyborg phenomenon and the ways cyborg is still a transgressive figure under the current cyborg phenomenon.
At present the relationship between technology and humanity from a complex cross-strait sea and land transport to the cell phone exchange. The public has to rely on technology in a large part of life, in fact, technology is becoming more universal and invisible; was becoming increasingly blurred, the use of technology has become second nature, between humanity and technology what is happening? After the boundaries between people and machines when a person is no longer a person has become a machine? These similar concerns “ Man or Machine” by Colin Le Sueur is an example of this. The article explores the idea of the relationship between technology and humanityand cyborgs, and proposes ideas some Japanese cult cinema examples and which neither Haraway nor the other sources. These ideas include technological progress, broken boundary that is between organisms and machine that our relations are transgressed and the interaction between technology and human body has become personal and complicated. Colin Le Sueur launches into a detailed discussion of what is a cyborg and its close relationship with the human body and exploring the idea of the cyborg, says that “a cyborg does not even require a physical body. Being free from boundaries, a cyborg could reside in a computer mainframe or in a cloud of nanites; the world could even be comprised of a non-corporeal society.” This discussion was very useful as it helped to clarify the form of cyborg is already living among us, and it is predicted to become a more prominent feature of society in the future.
“Being cyborg is possible for anybody ” is a useful point raised by raised by Heo Jae-sung is the idea of human beings who are the physiological processes. Heo Jae-sung in particularly focuses on cyborgs the majority of the artificial texts fall into the human body and real life cyborgs exist side by side with their fictional counterparts. First, at the beginning of article, Heo Jae-sung provides çyborg appear in the movie "Ghost in the Shell”. Then Heroes Motoko's body is almost entirely grass robotized only part of her brain is still the original from her body. Next, he explains why cyborg is possible for anybody? The article explores the idea of proposes ideas which Dobelle Institute (a professional organization that makes artificial eye) in New York City nor other sources. On the other hand, his article has a number of case studies. It is worth noting that the adoption of the chip brain transplants, people can communicate with each other. In other words, people can communities brain does not use language. Similarly to “Being cyborg is possible for anybody”“New Robots: Cyborgs, Softbots and Avatars” by Kathy Cleland, this article presents an interesting argument for humans in the present time as being cyborgs. Kathy Cleland point out that “our relationship with technology has become increasingly intimate in the second half of the twentieth century, the figure of the cyborg - the hybridized human-machine - has become one of our most culturally charged entities.” and she says that “think of the Images of the cyborg reflect our cultural ambivalence about technology, its potentialities and dangers are embodied in conflicting narratives of the cyborg as victim and aggressor, hero and villain, seductress and saviors. ”In Kathy Cleland , ’s paper, Kathy Cleland explain the example about well-known physicist Stephen Hawking who is severely paralyzed and unable to speak, so a part of his life can be extended. However both of two papers Shows the changing nature of the relationship between cyborg and human body. The initial concept of the robot is intended to replace the machines and artificial organs, so that people's lives can be maintained, eliminating the fear of death and give human value and individuality. In these papers, the image of the cyborg as being increasingly relevant, but the article’s one drawback is that it takes perhaps too broad a look at the idea of cyborgs
In recent years, the science fiction movies, about humans and cyborg in love become a popular theme. The Korea Moive“Natural City” was talk about the love story between mechanical and human Today, in love with mechanical and human is no longer a distant fantasy. Recently, the British artificial intelligence - BabyReze experts have predicted human marriage with cyborg will be possible in 2050, even with their sexual.
"My forecast is that around 2050, the state of Massachusetts will be the first jurisdiction to legalize marriages with robots,” It ties into the by Charles Q. Choi on head “Sex and marriage with robots? It could happen”. David Levy makes the point that "There's a trend of robots becoming more human-like in appearance and coming more in contact with humans" and the beginning of the robot is objective. He also explores the example to support its points. Such as: In factory, they set up the car and assist them to use the offices to provide e-mail, show visitors around museums, or the vacuum cleaner at home…..est. Echoes the title of the article-Sex and marriage with robots? In his thesis, "Intimate Relationships with Artificial Partners, Levy conjectures that robots will become so human-like in appearance, function and personality that many people will fall in love with them, have sex with them and even marry them . "In fact, the psychologists have identified roughly basic reasons why people fall in love with cyborg. With software becoming more and more advanced, the relationship between human and robots becomes more personal, that may lead to marriage. Similar reports by MarcusCato, “Robot 'not really' his girl, Canadian says” Reality in Canada has a "IQ doctor," hand-made a partner. Called " Aiko " Stories in Daily Mail and Sun websites refer to Aiko, " the 5-foot-tall robot with a presentable figure, real hair, delicate features and silicone breasts, as her creator's girlfriend. " Masters of Trung Lee said that apart from the current taste Aiko, the have all of the senses, would express different emotions: "She is just like a real woman would be moved to express some of the ways, but if you do not gentleman to pull her too, it is necessary to reward the face being careful.” He also said that although the initial invention of midnight love has no intention of intimate relationships and their development, but as long as the re-design process, Aiko can" pretend to sexual climax. " However these article was useful to show the point view the point view of the progress of science and technology bring together human and cybroy, so that the relationship between the sublimation processbut the article’s one drawback is that it takes perhaps too broad a look at the idea and assumptions of human fall in love with cyborgs.
The last written by Ray Kurzweil “The Singularity is near: When Humans Transcend Biology” this paper concentrates on analyzing human and machine integration. That merging is the essence of the Singularity, an era in which our intelligence will become increasingly no biological and trillions of times more powerful than it is today, In this new world, there will be no clear distinction between human and machine, real reality and virtual reality. He predicted that in the nanotechnology revolution in 2020, "Nanotechnology will not just be used to re-design of biological, but rather by non-biological systems, beyond the biological and its limits." These examples are boundary transgressive. Now we are accepted as part of life. In this sense, we are completely organic as the concept of cyborg line within a gray area.
In this annotated webliography, It is indeed a good opportunity for me to explore the mixture of human and mechanical - "cyborg" .Whole the assignment, I have critically analyzed five articles. Explain the phenomenon of cyborg and have strong power proved robot continues to be a transgressive figure. While the web provides us with a fantastic opportunity to find information, but it is also provides us with an opportunity to screening the junk!
“Being cyborg is possible for anybody ” is a useful point raised by raised by Heo Jae-sung is the idea of human beings who are the physiological processes. Heo Jae-sung in particularly focuses on cyborgs the majority of the artificial texts fall into the human body and real life cyborgs exist side by side with their fictional counterparts. First, at the beginning of article, Heo Jae-sung provides çyborg appear in the movie "Ghost in the Shell”. Then Heroes Motoko's body is almost entirely grass robotized only part of her brain is still the original from her body. Next, he explains why cyborg is possible for anybody? The article explores the idea of proposes ideas which Dobelle Institute (a professional organization that makes artificial eye) in New York City nor other sources. On the other hand, his article has a number of case studies. It is worth noting that the adoption of the chip brain transplants, people can communicate with each other. In other words, people can communities brain does not use language. Similarly to “Being cyborg is possible for anybody”“New Robots: Cyborgs, Softbots and Avatars” by Kathy Cleland, this article presents an interesting argument for humans in the present time as being cyborgs. Kathy Cleland point out that “our relationship with technology has become increasingly intimate in the second half of the twentieth century, the figure of the cyborg - the hybridized human-machine - has become one of our most culturally charged entities.” and she says that “think of the Images of the cyborg reflect our cultural ambivalence about technology, its potentialities and dangers are embodied in conflicting narratives of the cyborg as victim and aggressor, hero and villain, seductress and saviors. ”In Kathy Cleland , ’s paper, Kathy Cleland explain the example about well-known physicist Stephen Hawking who is severely paralyzed and unable to speak, so a part of his life can be extended. However both of two papers Shows the changing nature of the relationship between cyborg and human body. The initial concept of the robot is intended to replace the machines and artificial organs, so that people's lives can be maintained, eliminating the fear of death and give human value and individuality. In these papers, the image of the cyborg as being increasingly relevant, but the article’s one drawback is that it takes perhaps too broad a look at the idea of cyborgs
In recent years, the science fiction movies, about humans and cyborg in love become a popular theme. The Korea Moive“Natural City” was talk about the love story between mechanical and human Today, in love with mechanical and human is no longer a distant fantasy. Recently, the British artificial intelligence - BabyReze experts have predicted human marriage with cyborg will be possible in 2050, even with their sexual.
"My forecast is that around 2050, the state of Massachusetts will be the first jurisdiction to legalize marriages with robots,” It ties into the by Charles Q. Choi on head “Sex and marriage with robots? It could happen”. David Levy makes the point that "There's a trend of robots becoming more human-like in appearance and coming more in contact with humans" and the beginning of the robot is objective. He also explores the example to support its points. Such as: In factory, they set up the car and assist them to use the offices to provide e-mail, show visitors around museums, or the vacuum cleaner at home…..est. Echoes the title of the article-Sex and marriage with robots? In his thesis, "Intimate Relationships with Artificial Partners, Levy conjectures that robots will become so human-like in appearance, function and personality that many people will fall in love with them, have sex with them and even marry them . "In fact, the psychologists have identified roughly basic reasons why people fall in love with cyborg. With software becoming more and more advanced, the relationship between human and robots becomes more personal, that may lead to marriage. Similar reports by MarcusCato, “Robot 'not really' his girl, Canadian says” Reality in Canada has a "IQ doctor," hand-made a partner. Called " Aiko " Stories in Daily Mail and Sun websites refer to Aiko, " the 5-foot-tall robot with a presentable figure, real hair, delicate features and silicone breasts, as her creator's girlfriend. " Masters of Trung Lee said that apart from the current taste Aiko, the have all of the senses, would express different emotions: "She is just like a real woman would be moved to express some of the ways, but if you do not gentleman to pull her too, it is necessary to reward the face being careful.” He also said that although the initial invention of midnight love has no intention of intimate relationships and their development, but as long as the re-design process, Aiko can" pretend to sexual climax. " However these article was useful to show the point view the point view of the progress of science and technology bring together human and cybroy, so that the relationship between the sublimation processbut the article’s one drawback is that it takes perhaps too broad a look at the idea and assumptions of human fall in love with cyborgs.
The last written by Ray Kurzweil “The Singularity is near: When Humans Transcend Biology” this paper concentrates on analyzing human and machine integration. That merging is the essence of the Singularity, an era in which our intelligence will become increasingly no biological and trillions of times more powerful than it is today, In this new world, there will be no clear distinction between human and machine, real reality and virtual reality. He predicted that in the nanotechnology revolution in 2020, "Nanotechnology will not just be used to re-design of biological, but rather by non-biological systems, beyond the biological and its limits." These examples are boundary transgressive. Now we are accepted as part of life. In this sense, we are completely organic as the concept of cyborg line within a gray area.
In this annotated webliography, It is indeed a good opportunity for me to explore the mixture of human and mechanical - "cyborg" .Whole the assignment, I have critically analyzed five articles. Explain the phenomenon of cyborg and have strong power proved robot continues to be a transgressive figure. While the web provides us with a fantastic opportunity to find information, but it is also provides us with an opportunity to screening the junk!
References:
Colin Le Sueur (2006) “Man or Machine”
http://www.filmfortress.com/cyborgs_essay/ (accessed 4 March, 2009)
Heo Jae-sung (2002)“Being cyborg is possible for anybody”
http://maincc.hufs.ac.kr/%7Etheargus/369/theory_04.htm (accessed 4 March, 2009)
Kathy Cleland (1996) “New Robots: Cyborgs, Softbots and Avatars” http://www.experimenta.org/mesh/mesh08/8cle.html (accessed 4 March, 2009)
Charles Q. Choi (2007) “Sex and marriage with robots? It could happen”
http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/21271545/ (accessed 4 March, 2009)
Marcus Cato (2009) “Robot 'not really' his girl, Canadian says”
Kathy Cleland (1996) “New Robots: Cyborgs, Softbots and Avatars” http://www.experimenta.org/mesh/mesh08/8cle.html (accessed 4 March, 2009)
Charles Q. Choi (2007) “Sex and marriage with robots? It could happen”
http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/21271545/ (accessed 4 March, 2009)
Marcus Cato (2009) “Robot 'not really' his girl, Canadian says”
http://www.allvoices.com/contributed-news/2002694-robot-not-really-his-girl-canadian-says(accessed 4 March, 2009)
Ray Kurzweil(2007)“The Singularity is near: When Humans Transcend Biology” http://books.google.com.hk/booksid=88U6hdUi6D0C&dq=The+Singularity+is+Near&printsec=frontcover&source=bn&hl=zh-TW&ei=yLywSc7GPIbRkAW9y_XPBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=4&ct=result
(accessed 4 March, 2009)
Ray Kurzweil(2007)“The Singularity is near: When Humans Transcend Biology” http://books.google.com.hk/booksid=88U6hdUi6D0C&dq=The+Singularity+is+Near&printsec=frontcover&source=bn&hl=zh-TW&ei=yLywSc7GPIbRkAW9y_XPBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=4&ct=result
(accessed 4 March, 2009)
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